Choosing not to restrict access to suicide methods is considered unethical. At the individual level, method restriction can be as simple as asking a trusted friend or family member to store firearms until the crisis has passed. Some of these actions, such as installing barriers on bridges and reducing the toxicity in gas, require action by governments, industries, or public utilities. Method restriction is considered a best practice supported by "compelling" evidence. Method restriction, also called lethal means reduction, is an effective way to reduce the number of suicide deaths in the short and medium term. See also: Suicide prevention § Lethal means reduction The Recommendations for Reporting on Suicide, created by journalists, suicide prevention groups, and internet safety non-profit organizations, encourage linking to resources such as a list of suicide crisis lines and information about risk factors for suicide, and reporting on suicide as a multi-faceted, treatable health issue. Media reporting guidelines also apply to "online content including citizen-generated media coverage". Writing for the New Yorker about celebrity suicides, Andrew Solomon wrote that "You who are reading this are at statistically increased risk of suicide right now." In one study, changes in how news outlets reported suicide reduced suicides by a particular method. Dramatic or inappropriate descriptions of individual suicides by mass media has been linked specifically to copycat suicides among teenagers. Detailed descriptions of suicides or the personal characteristics of the person who died contribute to copycat suicides ( suicide contagion). Media reporting of the methods used in suicides is "strongly discouraged" by the World Health Organization, government health agencies, universities, and the Associated Press among others.
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If young people are found to be at increased risk of suicide by overdosing on particular medications, then an alternative class of medication may be prescribed instead, a safety plan and monitoring of medication can be put in place, and parents can be educated about how to prevent the hoarding of medication for a future suicide attempt. For instance, if firearms are used in a significant number of suicides in one place, then public health policies there could focus on gun safety, such as keeping guns locked away, and the key inaccessible to at-risk family members. Such information allows public health resources to focus on the problems that are relevant in a particular place, or for a given population or subpopulation. This needs to include the registration and monitoring of suicides and attempted suicide, breaking figures down by age, sex, and method.
National suicide prevention strategies are also advocated using a comprehensive and coordinated response to suicide prevention. The early identification of mental disorders and substance abuse disorders, follow-up care for those who have attempted suicide, and responsible reporting by the media are all seen to be key in reducing the number of deaths by suicide. Limiting the availability of means such as pesticides and firearms is recommended by a World Health Report on suicide and its prevention. The study of suicide methods aims to identify those commonly used, and the groups at risk of suicide making methods less accessible may be useful in suicide prevention.
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